His novels The Sun Also Rises (1926) and A Farewell to Arms (1929) established Hemingway as the most important and influential fiction writer of his generation. There his fiction career began in "little magazines" and small presses and led to a volume of short stories, In Our Time (1925). In December of 1921, he sailed to France and joined an expatriate community of writers and artists in Paris while continuing to write for the Toronto Star.
Following recuperation in a Milan hospital, he returned home and became a freelance writer for the Toronto Star. He was severely wounded on the Austrian front on July 9, 1918. Failing to qualify for the United States Army because of poor eyesight, he enlisted with the American Red Cross to drive ambulances in Italy. After graduation from high school, he moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he worked briefly for the Kansas City Star. Reading Group Guide for A Farewell to ArmsĮrnest Hemingway was born July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois.
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